Wageningen Bioveterinary Research introduces animal-free test for botulism detection

NETHERLANDS – As of March 31, 2025, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR) has officially transitioned to an in vitro test for botulism detection, making it one of the first European institutes to eliminate animal testing in botulism toxin diagnostics. 

This milestone represents a significant advancement in animal welfare and scientific innovation, reflecting WBVR’s commitment to ethical research practices while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy.

Botulism is a severe disease that can lead to paralysis and fatal consequences for both animals and humans. It is primarily caused by ingesting food or water contaminated with toxins from Clostridium botulinum bacteria. 

For decades, botulism testing relied on laboratory animals, primarily mice, to confirm the presence of botulinum toxins. However, this method raised ethical concerns due to the suffering involved. 

WBVR’s new in vitro method, developed after years of dedicated research, now provides a reliable alternative that eliminates the need for animal testing without compromising diagnostic accuracy. 

“Since March 31, 2025, WBVR has been using a new test to determine the presence of toxins causing botulism in animals (types C and D), and it no longer requires animal research,” WBVR stated.

The Clostridium botulinum bacterium, widely present in soil, can form toxins under anoxic conditions. These toxins cause paralysis by preventing nerve signals from reaching muscles. 

Botulism is most commonly observed in animals in waterfowl, cattle, horses, and poultry, often leading to mass die-offs. While rare in humans, it can occur as food poisoning, especially through improperly preserved foods.

The transition to an animal-free testing method is a scientific breakthrough and a significant step forward for animal welfare. 

The use of live animals in testing has long been controversial, and scientific and animal rights communities are increasingly pressing scientists to develop humane alternatives. 

WBVR’s adoption of in vitro testing aligns with global efforts to reduce animal testing and adhere to the principles of the 3Rs—Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement in scientific research.

WBVR, as the national reference laboratory for botulism in humans and animals, has been at the forefront of diagnostics and research. 

The institute employs PCR tests to detect C. botulinum in various biological samples and feed components. Additionally, a toxin typing assay is available for further confirmation following bacterial detection.

Introducing the in vitro method represents a leap forward in modern diagnostics, demonstrating that ethical considerations and scientific progress can go hand in hand.

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