NIGERIA – As the aquaculture industry seeks new ways to maximise efficiency, recent research suggests that black tanks may be key to more sustainable and productive tilapia farming. 

Unlike traditional rearing methods, black tanks can improve growth rates and reduce aggressive behaviours among tilapia, a warm water fish species, making them a promising investment for farmers aiming to increase yields and support fish health.

A study from Nigeria’s Federal University Oye Ekiti found that black tank environments could significantly impact tilapia growth, one of Africa’s most abundantly farmed fish species. 

The researchers examined tilapia kept in black, transparent, blue, green, and red tanks over nine weeks, observing behaviours such as boldness and aggression and measuring growth rates. 

Tilapia in black tanks consistently showed the highest weight gain, suggesting that the dark environment reduces stress and improves feed conversion efficiency. 

Conversely, fish reared in transparent tanks exhibited higher aggression levels, likely hampered their growth due to increased energy expenditure.

Practical benefits of black tanks for tilapia farmers

One major advantage of black tanks is their ability to control water temperature, an essential factor for tilapia growth. The dark colour helps absorb heat, creating a stable environment conducive to healthy fish development. 

Additionally, the opaque nature of black tanks limits light penetration, effectively reducing algae growth—a common problem in fish farming that competes with fish for oxygen and nutrients. 

This characteristic of black tanks minimises the need for chemical interventions to manage algae, promoting a more sustainable and eco-friendly farming process.

Enhanced water quality and flexibility in farm management

The design of black tanks often allows for improved water circulation and aeration, essential for maintaining water quality and preventing stagnation. 

The portable nature of these tanks also grants farmers flexibility, enabling them to adjust tank locations as needed to optimise space and adapt to changing environmental conditions or market demands. 

This versatility provides an affordable way for smallholder farmers to maximise production within limited farming spaces.

In the context of global efforts to sustainably meet the rising demand for seafood, black tanks offer a viable solution that addresses key environmental concerns.

By lowering stress-induced behaviours and promoting efficient growth, black tanks support farm productivity, animal welfare, and ecosystem health.

Adopting such innovative systems aligns with consumer preferences for responsibly sourced seafood and contributes to a more resilient aquaculture industry.

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